Viral Hepatitis Surveillance Report 2018 — Hepatitis B

ACUTE HEPATITIS B, 2018. 3,322 New cases reported. 1.0 Reported cases per 100,000 population. 21,600 Acute infections estimated
* 95% Bootstrap Confidence Interval: (12,300– 52,800)

AT A GLANCE: Acute Hepatitis B in 2018

Rates of acute hepatitis B remained low in children and adolescents, likely due to childhood vaccinations. However, over half of acute hepatitis B cases reported to CDC in 2018 were among persons aged 30–49 years.

Groups Most Affected by Acute Hepatitis B in 2018

By Age†
30-39 years: 2.0 cases per 100,000 people
40-49 years: 2.6 cases per 100,000 people
50-59 years: 1.6 cases per 100,000 people

By Sex†
Males: 1.3 cases per 100,000 people

By Race/ Ethnicity†
White, Non-Hispanic: 1.0 cases per 100,000 people

By Risk
Injection Drug Use (IDU): Among the 1,518 reported cases with IDU information available, 549 (36%) report IDU

† Indicates groups above the national average in 2018
On This Page

Figure 2.1. Number of reported acute hepatitis B cases and estimated infections* — United States, 2011–2018

Figure 2.1.  The number of reported acute hepatitis B cases and estimated acute hepatitis B infection generally remained stable from 2011 through 2018.  In 2018 there were 3,322 reported cases of acute hepatitis B and 21,600 estimated acute hepatitis B infections.

Hepatitis B 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Data points for figure 2.1
Reported acute cases 2,903 2,895 3,050 2,791 3,370 3,218 3,409 3,322
Estimated acute infections 18,900 18,800 19,800 18,100 21,900 20,900 22,200 21,600
Source: CDC, National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System
* The number of estimated viral hepatitis infections was determined by multiplying the number of reported cases by a factor that adjusted for under-ascertainment and under-reporting(7). The 95% bootstrap confidence intervals for the estimated number of infections are shown in the Appendix.

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Table 2.1. Number and rate* of reported cases† of acute hepatitis B, by state or jurisdiction ― United States, 2014–2018

Table 2.1
State 2014
No.
2014
Rate*
2015
No.
2015
Rate*
2016
No.
2016
Rate*
2017
No.
2017
Rate*
2018
No.
2018
Rate*
Alabama 117 2.4 101 2.1 59 1.2 82 1.7 48 1.0
Alaska 3 0.4 3 0.4 6 0.8 9 1.2 7 0.9
Arizona 31 0.5 25 0.4 14 0.2 26 0.4 23 0.3
Arkansas 28 0.9 36 1.2 49 1.6 46 1.5 47 1.6
California 110 0.3 160 0.4 115 0.3 126 0.3 105 0.3
Colorado 29 0.5 28 0.5 28 0.5 32 0.6 21 0.4
Connecticut 9 0.3 6 0.2 7 0.2 10 0.3 10 0.3
Delaware 8 0.9 8 0.8 3 0.3 9 0.9 7 0.7
District of Columbia U U U U U U U U U U
Florida 313 1.6 432 2.1 558 2.7 588 2.8 617 2.9
Georgia 103 1.0 119 1.2 100 1.0 106 1.0 179 1.7
Hawaii 6 0.4 14 1.0 3 0.2
Idaho 6 0.4 8 0.5 6 0.4 6 0.3 6 0.3
Illinois 58 0.5 55 0.4 37 0.3 27 0.2 25 0.2
Indiana 126 1.9 133 2.0 146 2.2 170 2.5 169 2.5
Iowa 9 0.3 16 0.5 10 0.3 12 0.4 14 0.4
Kansas 11 0.4 19 0.7 21 0.7 24 0.8 16 0.5
Kentucky 164 3.7 162 3.7 222 5.0 236 5.3 260 5.8
Louisiana 87 1.9 87 1.9 48 1.0 73 1.6 57 1.2
Maine 12 0.9 9 0.7 53 4.0 77 5.8 52 3.9
Maryland 40 0.7 40 0.7 27 0.4 34 0.6 53 0.9
Massachusetts 30 0.4 25 0.4 31 0.5 51 0.7 46 0.7
Michigan 50 0.5 56 0.6 45 0.5 61 0.6 77 0.8
Minnesota 16 0.3 19 0.3 21 0.4 23 0.4 16 0.3
Mississippi 48 1.6 50 1.7 31 1.0 44 1.5 40 1.3
Missouri 31 0.5 35 0.6 40 0.7 31 0.5 18 0.3
Montana 4 0.4 1 0.1 3 0.3 1 0.1
Nebraska 8 0.4 3 0.2 8 0.4 10 0.5 3 0.2
Nevada 21 0.7 25 0.9 22 0.7 30 1.0 23 0.8
New Hampshire 4 0.3 4 0.3
New Jersey 77 0.9 85 0.9 59 0.7 57 0.6 64 0.7
New Mexico 2 0.1 2 0.1 1 0.0 1 0.0 2 0.1
New York 95 0.5 80 0.4 103 0.5 81 0.4 56 0.3
North Carolina 100 1.0 165 1.6 170 1.7 190 1.8 220 2.1
North Dakota 2 0.3 2 0.3 2 0.3
Ohio 171 1.5 409 3.5 299 2.6 285 2.4 310 2.7
Oklahoma 57 1.5 37 0.9 32 0.8 41 1.0 6 0.2
Oregon 32 0.8 24 0.6 20 0.5 23 0.6 18 0.4
Pennsylvania 68 0.5 61 0.5 43 0.3 69 0.5 61 0.5
Rhode Island U U U U U U U U U U
South Carolina 37 0.8 30 0.6 34 0.7 40 0.8 45 0.9
South Dakota 3 0.4 2 0.2 2 0.2 2 0.2 1 0.1
Tennessee 232 3.5 243 3.7 204 3.1 215 3.2 192 2.8
Texas 122 0.5 159 0.6 156 0.6 106 0.4 102 0.4
Utah 11 0.4 10 0.3 5 0.2 18 0.6 36 1.1
Vermont 4 0.6 3 0.5 2 0.3 1 0.2 3 0.5
Virginia 61 0.7 69 0.8 56 0.7 61 0.7 58 0.7
Washington 44 0.6 34 0.5 45 0.6 45 0.6 51 0.7
West Virginia 186 10.1 272 14.7 268 14.6 212 11.7 132 7.3
Wisconsin 11 0.2 5 0.1 9 0.2 14 0.2 14 0.2
Wyoming U U U U U U 2 0.3 2 0.3
Total 2,791 0.9 3,370 1.1 3,218 1.0 3,409 1.1 3,322 1.0
Source: CDC, National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System.
* Rate per 100,000 population.
†For case definition see https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nndss/conditions/hepatitis-b-acute/case-definition/2012/.
—: No reported cases. The reporting jurisdiction did not submit any cases to CDC.
N: Not reportable. The disease or condition was not reportable by law, statue, or regulation in the reporting jurisdiction.
U: Unavailable. The data are unavailable.

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Figure 2.2. Rates of reported acute hepatitis B, by state — United States, 2017–2018

Figure 2.2.  The graph shows the distribution of rates of reported acute hepatitis B by state for 2017 and 2018 compared to the 2018 US average rate of 1.0 case per 100,000 population. West Virginia and Kentucky have the highest rates of reported acute hepatitis B in 2018.

Source: CDC, National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System.
* Excludes District of Columbia and Rhode Island.

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Figure 2.3. Rates of reported acute hepatitis B, by state or jurisdiction — United States, 2018

Figure 2.3. This map displays rates of acute hepatitis B by state or jurisdiction for 2018. States are grouped and shaded based on acute hepatitis B rates (cases per 100,000/population).  States with no reported cases are grouped separately.

Color
Key
Cases/100,000
Population
States
Color Key Table for Figure 2.3
0-0.3 AZ, CA, CT, HI, ID, IL, MN, MO, MT, NE, NH, NM, NY, ND, OK, SD, WI, WY
>0.3-0.6 CO, IA, KS, OR, PA, TX, VT
>0.6-0.9 AK, DE, MD, MA, MI, NV, NJ, SC, VA, WA
>0.9-2.0 AL, AR, GA, LA, MS, UT
>2.0-7.3 FL, IN, KY, ME, NC, OH, TN, WV
No reported cases DC, RI

Source: CDC, National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System.

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Figure 2.4. Rates of reported acute hepatitis B, by age group — United States, 2003–2018

Figure 2.4. This line graph shows rates of acute hepatitis B by age groups (0 – 19 years, 20 – 29 years, 30 – 39 years, 40 – 49 years, 50 – 59 years, and 60 years and older) for 2003 through 2018. For all age groups the rates of acute hepatitis B generally declined from 2003 through 2009 and remained stable from 2009 through 2018.  Persons aged 30-40 years represented over half of the acute hepatitis B case reports submitted to CDC in 2018.

Age (years) 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Data points for Figure 2.4.
0-19 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
20-29 4.3 3.5 2.9 2.3 2.1 1.8 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6
30-39 5.1 4.0 3.7 3.4 3.1 2.7 2.3 2.3 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.2 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.0
40-49 4.3 3.5 3.1 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.0 2.4 2.2 2.5 2.6
50-59 2.4 2.3 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6
60+ 1.2 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6
Source: CDC, National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System.

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Figure 2.5. Rates of reported acute hepatitis B, by sex — United States, 2003–2018

Figure 2.5. This line graph shows trends in rates of acute hepatitis B for males and females 2003 through 2018. Rates of acute hepatitis B declined for males and females from 2003 through 2009 and remained stable from 2009 through 2018. Rates for males were higher than rates for females for all years.

Sex 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Data points for Figure 2.5.
Male 3.2 2.7 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3
Female 2.0 1.6 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
Source: CDC, National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System.

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Figure 2.6. Rates of reported acute hepatitis B, by race/ethnicity — United States, 2003–2018

Figure 2.6. The line graph shows trends in rates of acute hepatitis B by race/ethnicity from 2003 – 2018. The race/ethnicity classifications are American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian/Pacific Islander, Black non-Hispanic, White non-Hispanic, and Hispanic. From 2003 through 2015 there was a decline in acute hepatitis B across all races/ethnicities. There was a small increase in acute hepatitis B from 2016 – 2018 for American Indian/Alaska Natives.

Race/
Ethnicity
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Data points for Figure 2.6.
American Indian/ Alaska Native 2.8 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.8 1.0 1.1 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.9
Asian/Pacific Islander 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3
Black, Non-Hispanic 3.5 2.9 3.0 2.3 2.3 2.2 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.1 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0
White, Non-Hispanic 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0
Hispanic 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4
Source: CDC, National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System.

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Table 2.2. Number and rate* of reported cases† of acute hepatitis B, by demographic characteristics, regions — United States 2014–2018

Table 2.2
State 2014
No.
2014
Rate*
2015
No.
2015
Rate*
2016
No.
2016
Rate*
2017
No.
2017
Rate*
2018
No.
2018
Rate*
Total§ 2,791 0.9 3,370 1.1 3,218 1.1 3,409 1.1 3,322 1.0
Age group (years)
0–19 14 0.0 19 0.0 18 0.0 16 0.0 27 0.0
20–29 282 0.6 348 0.8 286 0.6 271 0.6 249 0.6
30–39 888 2.2 1,094 2.6 1,000 2.4 998 2.3 868 2.0
40–49 818 2.0 961 2.4 906 2.2 1,028 2.5 1,052 2.6
50–59 504 1.2 615 1.4 655 1.5 700 1.6 675 1.6
60+ 272 0.4 312 0.5 342 0.5 395 0.6 450 0.6
Sex
Male 1,778 1.1 2,080 1.3 1,957 1.2 2,095 1.3 2,050 1.3
Female 1,001 0.6 1,280 0.8 1,252 0.8 1,301 0.8 1,260 0.8
Race/ethnicity
American Indian/ Alaskan Native 21 0.8 18 0.7 14 0.5 19 0.7 25 0.9
Asian/Pacific Islander 53 0.3 67 0.4 56 0.3 64 0.3 55 0.3
Black, Non-Hispanic 343 0.8 398 1.0 386 0.9 411 1.0 405 1.0
White, Non-Hispanic 1,713 0.9 2,150 1.1 2,059 1.0 2,197 1.1 2,084 1.0
Hispanic 158 0.3 175 0.3 194 0.3 196 0.3 222 0.4
HHS Region
Region 1 59 0.4 43 0.3 93 0.7 139 1.0 115 0.8
Region 2 172 0.6 165 0.6 162 0.6 138 0.5 120 0.4
Region 3 363 1.2 450 1.5 397 1.3 385 1.3 311 1.0
Region 4 1,114 1.8 1,302 2.0 1,378 2.1 1,501 2.3 1,601 2.4
Region 5 432 0.8 677 1.3 557 1.1 580 1.1 611 1.2
Region 6 296 0.7 321 0.8 286 0.7 267 0.6 214 0.5
Region 7 59 0.4 73 0.5 79 0.6 77 0.5 51 0.4
Region 8 43 0.4 46 0.4 38 0.3 57 0.5 63 0.5
Region 9 168 0.3 224 0.4 151 0.3 182 0.4 154 0.3
Region 10 85 0.6 69 0.5 77 0.6 83 0.6 82 0.6
Source: CDC, National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System.
* Rate per 100,000 population.
† For the case definition, see https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nndss/conditions/hepatitis-b-acute/
§ Numbers reported in each category may not add up to the total number of reported cases in a year due to cases with missing data or, in the case of race/ethnicity, cases categorized as “Other”.
Health and Human Services Regions were categorized according to the grouping of states and U.S. Territories assigned under each of the ten Department of Health and Human Services regional offices (https://www.hhs.gov/about/agencies/iea/regional-offices/index.html). For the purposes of this report, regions with US territories (Region 2 and Region 9) contain data from states only.

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HEPATITIS BRISK BEHAVIORS AND EXPOSURES

Figure 2.7. Availability of information on risk behaviors/exposures* associated with reported cases of acute hepatitis B — United States, 2018

Color Key with three items listed. Risk identified*, No risk identified, and Risk data missing
Figure 2.7. The pie chart provides information on the availability of risk behaviors/exposures for reported cases of acute hepatitis B for 2018. At least one risk behavior/exposure was identified for 26% of cases, no risk was identified for 25% of cases, and risk data were missing for 48% of cases.

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Table 2.3. Reported risk behaviors/exposures† among reported cases of acute hepatitis B — United States, 2018

Risk behaviors/exposures Risk identified* No risk identified Risk data missing
Table 2.3
Injection drug use 549 969 1,804
Multiple sex partners 199 671 2,452
Surgery 117 962 2,243
Men who have sex with men § 49 353 1,648
Sexual contact ¶ 42 603 2,677
Needlestick 71 959 2,292
Household contact (non-sexual) § 12 633 2,677
Occupational 4 1,369 1,949
Dialysis patient 13 1,022 2,287
Transfusion 1 1,103 2,218
Source: CDC, Nationally Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System.
* Case reports with at least one of the following risk behaviors/ exposures reported 6 weeks to 6 months prior to symptom onset: 1) injection drug use;
2) multiple sex partners; 3) underwent surgery; 4) men who have sex with men; 5) sexual contact with suspected/confirmed hepatitis B case; 6) sustained
a percutaneous injury; 7) household contact with suspected/confirmed hepatitis B case; 8) occupational exposure to blood; 9) dialysis; and 10) transfusion
† Reported cases may include more than one risk behavior/exposure.
§ A total of 2,050 acute hepatitis B cases were reported among males in 2018.
¶ Cases with more than one type of contact reported were categorized according to a hierarchy: (1) sexual contact; (2) household contact (non-sexual).

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Table 2.4. Number of newly reported cases* of perinatal hepatitis B, by state or jurisdiction — United States, 2018

Table 2.4
State Perinatal Hepatitis B
Alabama
Alaska 1
Arizona 1
Arkansas
California 4
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia U
Florida 2
Georgia 1
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky 1
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan 1
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York 4
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio 1
Oklahoma 1
Oregon
Pennsylvania 3
Rhode Island U
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee 1
Texas 1
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington 1
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total 23

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Table 2.5. Number of newly reported cases** of chronic hepatitis B, by state or jurisdiction — United States, 2018

Table 2.5
State Chronic Hepatitis B
Alabama N
Alaska 30
Arizona 180
Arkansas N
California
Colorado 186
Connecticut N
Delaware 140
District of Columbia U
Florida 2,090
Georgia 1,421
Hawaii U
Idaho 72
Illinois 545
Indiana 342
Iowa 54
Kansas 41
Kentucky N
Louisiana 274
Maine 70
Maryland 690
Massachusetts 308
Michigan 329
Minnesota 305
Mississippi N
Missouri 450
Montana 15
Nebraska 51
Nevada U
New Hampshire U
New Jersey 407
New Mexico 28
New York 1,806
North Carolina 509
North Dakota 41
Ohio 683
Oklahoma 53
Oregon 96
Pennsylvania 834
Rhode Island U
South Carolina 184
South Dakota 21
Tennessee 644
Texas N
Utah 95
Vermont 13
Virginia 446
Washington 391
West Virginia 304
Wisconsin 42
Wyoming 17
Total 14,207

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Source: CDC, National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System.
* For case definition, see https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nndss/conditions/hepatitis-b-perinatal-virus-infection/
** For case definition, see https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nndss/conditions/hepatitis-b-chronic/
—: No reported cases. There porting jurisdiction did not submit any cases to CDC.
N: Not reportable. The disease or condition was not reportable by law, statue, or regulation in the reporting jurisdiction.
U: Unavailable. The data are unavailable.

Table 2.6. Number and rate* of deaths with hepatitis B listed as a cause of death† among U.S. residents, by jurisdiction and year ― United States, 2014–2018

Table 2.6
State 2014
No.
2014
Rate*
2015
No.
2015
Rate*
2016
No.
2016
Rate*
2017
No.
2017
Rate*
2018
No.
2018
Rate*
Alabama 20 0.37 15 UR§ 19 UR§ 19 UR§ 19 UR§
Alaska S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR§
Arizona 38 0.48 30 0.36 29 0.34 19 UR§ 31 0.34
Arkansas 18 UR§ 12 UR§ 10 UR§ 22 0.60 17 UR§
California 406 0.96 355 0.82 337 0.78 346 0.80 304 0.67
Colorado 23 0.38 23 0.40 23 0.39 32 0.51 26 0.39
Connecticut 14 UR§ 17 UR§ S UR§ S UR§ 13 UR§
Delaware S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR§
District of Columbia 15 UR§ S UR§ 11 UR§ 12 UR§ S UR§
Florida 105 0.40 108 0.40 98 0.36 129 0.45 109 0.41
Georgia 51 0.47 43 0.37 35 0.30 34 0.28 40 0.35
Hawaii 25 1.47 13 UR§ 26 1.50 15 UR§ 14 UR§
Idaho S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR§
Illinois 31 0.21 30 0.21 40 0.28 30 0.19 31 0.20
Indiana 26 0.35 21 0.27 26 0.32 29 0.34 16 UR§
Iowa 12 UR§ S UR§ 16 UR§ 15 UR§ 19 UR§
Kansas S UR§ S UR§ 15 UR§ 11 UR§ 12 UR§
Kentucky 30 0.66 26 0.54 36 0.72 35 0.75 47 0.98
Louisiana 49 0.88 36 0.63 26 0.49 30 0.53 36 0.60
Maine S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR§
Maryland 29 0.44 25 0.38 31 0.43 31 0.43 37 0.52
Massachusetts 38 0.47 46 0.54 32 0.37 36 0.47 28 0.36
Michigan 33 0.27 35 0.29 27 0.18 28 0.22 33 0.25
Minnesota 18 UR§ 31 0.45 25 0.42 21 0.30 33 0.51
Mississippi 23 0.65 20 0.61 22 0.64 23 0.67 20 0.61
Missouri 18 UR§ 20 0.25 13 UR§ 19 UR§ 24 0.31
Montana S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR
Nebraska S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ 10 UR§
Nevada 10 UR§ 18 UR§ 23 0.66 13 UR§ 20 0.51
New Hampshire S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR
New Jersey 49 0.44 48 0.45 39 0.34 43 0.43 41 0.39
New Mexico 11 UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR
New York 147 0.64 115 0.50 138 0.60 123 0.50 115 0.47
North Carolina 34 0.29 40 0.34 42 0.37 36 0.29 35 0.27
North Dakota S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR§
Ohio 58 0.41 58 0.44 44 0.34 55 0.42 42 0.32
Oklahoma 31 0.71 34 0.77 43 0.95 40 0.95 54 1.16
Oregon 28 0.59 35 0.67 27 0.54 29 0.52 23 0.45
Pennsylvania 46 0.29 44 0.27 41 0.25 35 0.20 34 0.22
Rhode Island S S S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ 11 UR§
South Carolina 30 0.54 22 0.35 38 0.60 26 0.39 26 0.42
South Dakota S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR§
Tennessee 54 0.68 54 0.70 55 0.71 63 0.83 50 0.61
Texas 140 0.49 130 0.43 149 0.51 150 0.51 119 0.40
Utah S UR§ 10 UR§ S UR§ 11 UR§ S UR§
Vermont S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR§
Virginia 23 0.23 25 0.26 23 0.24 29 0.30 28 0.28
Washington 56 0.66 48 0.53 47 0.55 47 0.56 53 0.57
West Virginia 16 UR§ 21 0.89 11 UR§ 14 UR§ 23 1.26
Wisconsin 16 UR§ 18 UR§ 19 UR§ 21 0.31 19 UR§
Wyoming S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR§ S UR§
Total 1,837 0.90 1,707 0.46 1,690 0.45 1,727 0.46 1,649 0.43
Source: CDC, National Center for Health Statistics, Multiple Cause of Death 1999–2018 on CDC WONDER Online Database. Data are from the 2014–2018 Multiple Cause of Death files and are based on information from all
death certificates filed in the vital records offices of the fifty states and the District of Columbia through the Vital Statistics Cooperative Program. Deaths of nonresidents (e.g., nonresident aliens, nationals living abroad, residents
of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands, and other U.S. Territories) and fetal deaths are excluded. Numbers are slightly lower than previously reported for 2013–2016 due to NCHS standards which restrict displayed data to U.S.
residents. Accessed at http://wonder.cdc.gov/mcd-icd10.html on February 14, 2020. CDC WONDER dataset documentation and technical methods can be accessed at https://wonder.cdc.gov/wonder/help/mcd.html#.
* Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 U.S. standard population in 2000 using the following age group distribution (in years): <1, 1–4, 5–14, 15–24, 25–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55–64, 65–74, 75–84, and 85+. For
age-adjusted death rates, the age-specific death rate is rounded to one decimal place before proceeding to the next step in the calculation of age-adjusted death rates for NCHS Multiple Cause of Death on CDC
WONDER. This rounding step may affect the precision of rates calculated for small numbers of deaths. Missing data are not included.
† Cause of death is defined as one of the multiple causes of death and is based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes B16, B17.0, B18.0, B18.1 (hepatitis B).
UR§ Unreliable rate: Rates where death counts were less than 20 were not displayed due to the instability associated with those rates.
S Suppressed: Sub-national data representing fewer than ten deaths (0-9) are suppressed or CDC WONDER did not have the functionality to calculate rates.

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Figure 2.8. Rate of deaths with hepatitis B listed as a cause of death among U.S. residents, by jurisdiction and year — United States, 2018

Figure 2.8. The map shows rate of deaths with hepatitis B listed as a cause of death by states in 2018. States are grouped and shaded based on reported rate of deaths per 100,000/population.  States with unreliable data are grouped separately.

Color
Key
Cases/100,000
Population
States
Color Key Table for Figure 2.8
0-0.33 IL, MI, MO, NC, OH, PA, VA
>0.33-0.41 AZ, CO, FL, GA, MA, NJ, TX
>0.41-0.52 MD, MN, NV, NY, OR, SC
>0.52-0.69 CA, LA, MS, TN, WA
>0.69-1.26 KY, OK, WV
Unreliable rate AL, AK, AR, CT, DE, DC, HI, ID, IN, IA, KS, ME, MT, NE, NH, NM, ND, RI, SD, UT, VT, WI, WY

Source: CDC, National Center for Health Statistics, Multiple Cause of Death 2018 on CDC WONDER Online Database. Unreliable rates where death
counts were less than 20 were not displayed due to the instability associated with those rates.

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Table 2.7. Number and rate* of deaths with hepatitis B listed as a cause of death† among U.S. residents, by demographic characteristics, region, and year — United States, 2014–2018

Table 2.7
Demographic
characteristic
2014
No.
2014
(95% CI)
2015
No.
2015
(95% CI)
2016
No.
2016
(95% CI)
2017
No.
2017
(95% CI)
2018
No.
2018
(95% CI)
Age group (years)
0–34 35 0.02
(0.02-0.03)
30 0.02
(0.01- 0.03)
39 0.03
(0.02-0.04)
29 0.02
(0.01-0.03)
32 0.02
(0.01-0.03)
35–44 126 0.31
(0.26-0.37)
118 0.29
(0.24-0.34)
116 0.29
(0.23-0.34)
106 0.26
(0.21-0.31)
122 0.3
(0.24-0.35)
45–54 384 0.88
(0.80-0.97)
330 0.76
(0.68-0.85)
324 0.76
(0.67-0.84)
323 0.76
(0.68-0.85)
283 0.68
(0.60-0.76)
55–64 682 1.7
(1.57-1.83)
610 1.49
(1.37-1.61)
576 1.39
(1.28-1.50)
548 1.3
(1.20-1.41)
520 1.23
(1.12-1.34)
65–74 356 1.35
(1.21-1.49)
382 1.39
(1.25-1.53)
383 1.34
(1.20-1.47)
417 1.4
(1.27-1.54)
422 1.38
(1.25-1.52)
75+ 254 1.28
(1.12-1.44)
236 1.17
(1.02-1.32)
252 1.22
(1.07-1.37)
303 1.43
(1.27-1.59)
270 1.23
(1.08-1.38)
Race/ethnicity
White, Non-Hispanic 851 0.33
(0.30-0.46)
805 0.28
(0.26-0.30)
767 0.29
(0.27-0.31)
776 0.28
(0.26-0.30)
760 0.27
(0.25-0.29)
Black, Non-Hispanic 330 0.81
(0.72-0.89)
318 0.75
(0.67-0.84)
315 0.73
(0.65-0.81)
320 0.74
(0.66-0.83)
304 0.7
(0.62-0.79)
Hispanic 156 0.4
(0.33-0.46)
136 0.32
(0.27-0.38)
128 0.3
(0.25-0.36)
109 0.26
(0.21-0.32)
122 0.28
(0.23-0.33)
Asian/ Pacific Islander, Non-Hispanic 475 2.69
(2.44-2.93)
419 2.23
(2.01-2.45)
454 2.38
(2.16-2.60)
492 2.45
(2.23-2.67)
439 2.1
(1.90-2.30)
American Indian/ Alaska Native, Non-Hispanic 10 UR§ 13 UR§ 16 UR§ 17 UR§ 6 UR§
Sex
Male 1,301 0.74
(0.70-0.78)
1,270 0.7
(0.66-0.74)
1,231 0.67
(0.64-0.71)
1,275 0.7
(0.66-0.74)
1,191 0.65
(0.61-0.69)
Female 536 0.27
(0.24-0.29)
437 0.21
(0.19-0.23)
459 0.22
(0.20-0.24)
452 0.23
(0.20-0.25)
458 0.22
(0.20-0.24)
DHHS Region
Region 1: Boston 76 0.42
(0.33-0.54)
81 0.43
(0.34-0.54)
56 0.28
(0.21-0.37)
60 0.35
(0.27-0.46)
64 0.34
(0.26-0.45)
Region 2: New York 196 0.58
(0.50-0.67)
163 0.48
(0.41-0.56)
177 0.51
(0.43-0.59)
166 0.47
(0.39-0.54)
156 0.44
(0.36-0.51)
Region 3: Philadelphia 137 0.38
(0.31-0.44)
126 0.35
(0.28-0.41)
118 0.32
(0.26-0.38)
128 0.32
(0.27-0.38)
130 0.35
(0.29-0.41)
Region 4: Atlanta 347 0.46
(0.41-0.51)
328 0.43
(0.38-0.48)
345 0.44
(0.39-0.49)
365 0.45
(0.41-0.50)
346 0.45
(0.40-0.50)
Region 5: Chicago 182 0.3
(0.25-0.34)
193 0.32
(0.27-0.36)
181 0.29
(0.25-0.33)
184 0.29
(0.24-0.33)
174 0.28
(0.24-0.33)
Region 6: Dallas 249 0.58
(0.51-0.66)
220 0.5
(0.43-0.56)
230 0.51
(0.44-0.57)
247 0.55
(0.48-0.62)
230 0.47
(0.41-0.53)
Region 7: Kansas City 41 0.27
(0.19-0.37)
44 0.26
(0.19-0.36)
52 0.33
(0.24-0.44)
50 0.29
(0.22-0.39)
65 0.38
(0.29-0.48)
Region 8: Denver 39 0.33
(0.23-0.45)
42 0.35
(0.25-0.47)
35 0.27
(0.19-0.38)
48 0.37
(0.27-0.49)
34 0.25
(0.17-0.35)
Region 9: San Francisco 479 0.88
(0.80-0.97)
416 0.72
(0.65-0.79)
415 0.73
(0.66-0.80)
393 0.69
(0.62-0.76)
369 0.62
(0.56-0.69)
Region 10: Seattle 91 0.57
(0.45-0.70)
94 0.56
(0.45-0.69)
81 0.51
(0.40-0.63)
86 0.52
(0.41-0.64)
81 0.47
(0.37-0.59)
Overall 1,837 0.5
(0.47-0.52)
1,707 0.46
(0.44-0.49)
1,690 0.45
(0.43-0.48)
1,727 0.46
(0.44-0.49)
1,649 0.43
(0.41-0.45)
Source: CDC, National Center for Health Statistics, Multiple Cause of Death 1999–2018 on CDC WONDER Online Database. Data are from the 2014–2018 Multiple Cause of Death files and are based on information from all
death certificates filed in the vital records offices of the fifty states and the District of Columbia through the Vital Statistics Cooperative Program. Deaths of nonresidents (e.g., nonresident aliens, nationals living abroad, residents
of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands, and other U.S. Territories) and fetal deaths are excluded. Numbers are slightly lower than previously reported for 2013–2016 due to NCHS standards which restrict displayed data to U.S.
residents. Accessed at http://wonder.cdc.gov/mcd-icd10.html on February 14, 2020. CDC WONDER dataset documentation and technical methods can be accessed at https://wonder.cdc.gov/wonder/help/mcd.html#.
* Rates for race/ethnicity, sex, and the overall total are age-adjusted per 100,000 U.S. standard population in 2000 using the following age group distribution (in years): <1, 1–4, 5–14, 15–24, 25–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55–64,
65–74, 75–84, and 85+. For age-adjusted death rates, the age-specific death rate is rounded to one decimal place before proceeding to the next step in the calculation of age-adjusted death rates for NCHS Multiple Cause of
Death on CDC WONDER. This rounding step may affect the precision of rates calculated for small numbers of deaths. Missing data are not included.
† Cause of death is defined as one of the multiple causes of death and is based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes B16, B17.0, B18.0, B18.1 (hepatitis B).
UR§ Unreliable rate: Rates where death counts were less than 20 were not displayed due to the instability associated with those rates.

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